New rubber could make longer lasting, safer EV batteries

New rubber could make longer lasting, safer EV batteries

For EVs to become mainstream, they need cost-effective, safer, longer-lasting batteries that won’t explode during use or harm the environment. Researchers at the Georgia Institute of Technology may have found a promising alternative to conventional lithium-ion batteries made from a common material: Rubber.

Elastomers, or synthetic rubbers, are widely used in consumer products and advanced technologies such as wearable electronics and soft robotics because of their superior mechanical properties. The researchers say they found that the material, when formulated into a 3D structure, acted as a superhighway for fast lithium-ion transport with superior mechanical toughness, resulting in longer charging batteries that can go farther.

Georgia-Tech-Rubber-Electrolyte-2-1400
Georgia Tech engineers say the key breakthrough with rubber electrolytes is allowing the material to form a three-dimensional interconnected plastic crystal phase within the robust rubber matrix.

In conventional lithium-ion batteries, ions are moved by a liquid electrolyte. However, the battery is inherently unstable: even the slightest damage can leak into the electrolyte, leading to explosion or fire. The safety issues have forced the industry to look at solid-state batteries, which can be made using inorganic ceramic material or organic polymers.

“Most of the industry is focusing on building inorganic solid-state electrolytes. But they are hard to make, expensive and are not environmentally friendly,” said Seung Woo Lee, associate professor in the George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, who is part of a team of researchers who have uncovered a rubber-based organic polymer superior to other materials.

Solid polymer electrolytes continue to attract great interest because of their low manufacturing cost, non-toxicity and soft nature. However, conventional polymer electrolytes do not have sufficient ionic conductivity and mechanical stability for the reliable operation of solid-state batteries, the researchers say.

Georgia Tech engineers have solved common problems (slow lithium-ion transport and poor mechanical properties) using the rubber electrolytes. The key breakthrough, they say, was allowing the material to form a three-dimensional interconnected plastic crystal phase within the robust rubber matrix. This unique structure has resulted in high ionic conductivity, superior mechanical properties and electrochemical stability.

This rubber electrolyte can be made using a simple polymerization process at low temperature conditions, generating robust and smooth interfaces on the surface of electrodes. These unique characteristics of the rubber electrolytes prevent lithium dendrite growth and allow for faster moving ions, enabling reliable operation of solid-state batteries even at room temperature.

“Rubber has been used everywhere because of its high mechanical properties, and it will allow us to make cheap, more reliable and safer batteries,” said Lee.

“Higher ionic conductivity means you can move more ions at the same time,” said Michael Lee, a mechanical engineering graduate researcher. “By increasing specific energy and energy density of these batteries, you can increase the mileage of the EV.”

The researchers are now looking at ways to improve the battery performance by increasing its cycle time and decreasing the charging time through even better ionic conductivity. So far, their efforts have seen a two-time improvement in the battery’s performance/cycle time, they say.

SK Innovation, a global energy and petrochemical company, is funding additional research of the electrolyte material as part of its ongoing collaboration with the Institute to build next-generation solid-state batteries that are safer and more energy-dense than conventional LI-ion batteries. The company recently announced the construction of a new EV battery plant in Commerce, Georgia, expected to produce an annual volume of lithium-ion batteries equal to 21.5 Gigawatt-hours by 2023.

“All-solid-state batteries can dramatically increase the mileage and safety of electric vehicles. Fast-growing battery companies, including SK Innovation, believe that commercializing all-solid-state batteries will become a game-changer in the electric vehicle market,” said Kyounghwan Choi, director of SK Innovation’s next-generation battery research center. “Through the ongoing project in collaboration with SK Innovation and Professor Seung Woo Lee of Georgia Tech, there are high expectations for rapid application and commercialization of all-solid-state batteries.”

You May Also Like

asTech expands remote OEM solutions to include Tesla

asTech’s diagnostic devices now offer over 99% coverage for authentic remote OEM scans on Tesla vehicles.

Tesla-Model-Y-1400

asTech, a Repairify company involved in remote diagnostics, calibrations, programming and automotive intelligence for the collision and mechanical repair industries, announced an expansion of its remote OEM solutions to now include remote OEM scanning support for Tesla vehicles.

asTech said its diagnostic devices are now able to complete authentic remote OEM scans for virtually every Tesla vehicle (over 99% coverage). The company said this update continues to demonstrate the power and adaptability of asTech’s technology, as well as its dedication to ensuring customers are ready for the future of collision repair.

Cummins hydrogen-ICE engines to power concrete mixer trucks

The project aims to develop a full hydrogen eco-system together with a hydrogen producer, vehicle manufacturer and end user.

Cummins-Terex-Advance-Commander-FD5000-front-discharge-mixer-truck
Swedish researchers develop efficient metal recycling method

Chalmers University researchers used oxalic acid to recover 100% aluminum and 98% lithium from electric car batteries.

Chalmers Tech research
Ascend Elements, Koura partner on Li-Ion recycling project

The companies will collaborate on commercializing Hydro-to-Anode technology, providing a sustainable source of graphite.

Ascend_Elements_team_member-1400
CharIN, ACM collaborate on electric vehicle charging standards

The companies aim to tackle interoperability challenges and improve consumer charging experiences.

BorgWarner-Santroll-eMotor-Handshake

Other Posts

ADD Group to present various product lines at AM Shanghai 2023

The main product highlights are the company’s new complete strut assemblies and air shocks for EV applications.

Yokohama debuts Advan Sport EV tire at Electrify Expo

The Advan Sport EV will be offered in 10 sizes ranging from 18 to 20 in., and goes on sale Jan. 1.

Advan sport EV Yokohama
Toyota invests $8 billion to expand battery manufacturing

With this new investment, Toyota plans for 10 new BEV/PHEV battery lines by 2030.

Empact-EV-Charging-Toyota-Prius-Prime-PHEV-1400
BYD equips new EV with Continental EcoContact tires

The Seal will feature Continental’s 19-in. EcoContact 6 Q as factory installed original equipment.

Continental-EcoContact 6Q